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Great Fire of London.
London in the 1660s.
At the heart of London. 1666 the area burned in pink
By the 1660s, London was was by far the largest city in the United Kingdom, over half a million people from more than fifty of the city. Compare UK including London, Paris, the beauty of the Baroque. John Everett Lean-called "traffic jams north and wood unaffected. Of the house," and shows the warning lights on timber and on the dangers of congestion. The "unaffected" Evelyn has not, planning and makeshift. Impact of organic growth and urban sprawl Disorder. become Roman settlement at four Century London was more advanced congestion within the city walls of protection. It is also an outside wall in urban centers continue to extramural scurvy as Shoreditch, Holborn, Southwark, and come far enough to the city regardless. Westminster.
By the end of the century. 17, properhe city and rivers surrounded by walls. Thamesas only part of London, which covers some 700 acres (2.8 km2, 1.1 square miles) and Houses over 80,000 people, or 1 / 6 of London, the city is through the inner ring suburbs, where most of the surrounded live. Londoners at this time that the city in the heart the commercial capital and largest. Market and the best port in the UK is obsessed with learning the trade and production. Aristocracy shunned the city and live in rural or slum area as the only district in Westminster. (West End-date), the site of the shrine. Charles II of White Hall, want the money, at a convenient distance the traffic is blocked to live. Wastewater, the city is not strong, especially after a devastating outbreak of disease in the year of disaster has been made. 1665th
The relationship between the city and the Crown was very tense. During the Civil War. 16421651, London has been a stronghold of republicanism. Capital and rich and dynamic economy is still capable. A threat to Charles II, because it demonstrated by Republic several uprisings in London at the beginning. 1660 Municipal Council of the City of a generation that in the Civil War has fought and thought you may remember how Charles I. has the power led to a national trauma to grip. It aimed to prevent similar trends. From his son, and when. Great Fire threatened the city, which they rejected the offer, made Charles the military and other resources. Even if in an emergency, such as the idea of the forces is not Royal popular in order to be politically explosive. By the time of Charles. Inalienable, statements of the mayor. Then fires out of control.
Panorama of the City of London. 1616 by Claes Visscher notes that residents living in the house. London Bridge (far right), the notorious death traps in case of fire, although many been destroyed in a fire earlier are 1632nd
Fire danger in the city
Charles II.
Is the most important city. Medieval plans Street, Warren, overloading of the other narrow winding streets with pebbles. It has experienced several major fires before. 1666, 1632 and finally in the building with a roof made of wood. The roof has been banned for centuries. However, these materials are continuous. Specific areas of rock's most prosperous center save the city mansion built. And brokers, many are on the large, surrounded by the inner ring of the poor slum parishes, every inch of space in the building that supports the rapid growth of the population with these parishes is much the workplace. hazard sound cried fire, forging, glaziers'hich. Theoretically illegal in the city. But in practice adopted homes. Human resources are mixed with the heat. Sparks congestion and pollution are on the point of explosion and Construction of them increase the risk of fire. Normally six or seven-story wooden house in London with "land bridges". (Projected on the floor): You have a narrow trail on the ground. But the use of the land "intervene" by contemporary observers as she lay on the road with an increase Increase The size of the class about her was when the fire placed on all piers. But to get to know each other in the narrow streets, and not on the rise for relief. Also an obstacle to cure ". Observerut wrote a" desire of the people and connivancy [that is, corruption] of the Magistrates' working in favor landing bridges. In 1661, Charles II window extends ban and the piers, but this is largely ignored by local government. Charles' next to text, sharper in 1665 warning of fire narrowness of the road and allows both arrest of the author and do not obey the demolition of buildings dangerous. It has less impact.
Riverfront is important in development. Great Fire Thames Water offered the chance of fire and escaped by boat. However, poor district, with shops and river front. Cellar combustible material that increases the risk of fire. Along quays, apartment blocks and wood rickets. Tar paper huts of the poor. shoehorned in "old paper buildings and On the burning of Tarr, Pitch, Hemp. Rosen, and flax, all in the area. Suffer. "London is filled with black powder, especially the river crowd Much of it remained in homes of people from the private sector on the English civil war as former members of Cromwell's New Model Army muskets still a load of powder on them they were five to six hundred tons of powder in the Tower of London north London Bridge stored Chandlers ship wharves also held large proportions aged in oak barrels.
Fire century. 17.
"Fire Hooks" is used to to fight fire. Tiverton in Devon, England, 1612th
Advertising for the fire small and nimble bike in the seventeenth century Insight "This engine (which would be best) Quinch power for good;.. Used by John Keeling in Black Fryers (after many years of experience") .. "
Fires were built on the agenda in the city of wood, black and white with open fireplace. Candles, stoves, and shops. Fuels do not call the police or fire station. But a local militia as the London trained bands are known, at least in principle, to provide general emergency and fire station is one of the Clock. Thousands of Watchmen or "bellmen" the streets at night guarded. Independent community procedures for dealing with fire is present and can often be effective. Public spirited citizens would alerted to a fire house. peals on the church bell on the neck and the hastily assembled to fight the fire. This method can be used for the Demolition will be used and remain in the water. After keeping the law of the church tower, all the equipment for these operations. : Ladder long leather cylinder, axis, "fire hooks. For pull-down building. (See illustration). Sometimes there are tall buildings with controlled flat on the ground quickly and effectively by gunpowder explosion. This method of creating Violence. Firebreaks increasingly used at the end Great Fire and modern historians believe it is what ultimately won the battle.
Otherwise Fire.
to cover London Bridge, the only physical connection between the city and the south of the Thames as yourself. House was, and as a. rescued dying in a fire of 1632 from Sunday morning at home and burned them, Samuel. Pepys observed the chaos from Tower of London, recorded great. Concern for friend Other people on the bridge. The flames of fear that they threaten the city of London Bridge. Southwark on the south side. But this is dangerous. turned away from open spaces. Between the buildings on the bridge, which acts corridor wall 18 Roman feet (5.5 meters) high, surrounded the city put away homeless people in danger in the fire service closed. After the front and the river was the means of escape by boat from work only eight goals cut into the wall. During the first few days a few people who have faith have in a matter of fleeing the burning city, the all: you will take what it can do things next "safe house" in many cases their Churches or the source of the St. do. Paul 's Cathedral, only to be there. To return hours later. Some people move their goods and "four or five times" in a day. The perception of a need to get over the wall only took root late on Monday and then will be the scene stood by the door is narrow distraught refugees tried, with the integration of their cars and horses. the car.
Important factors that frustrated efforts to narrow the street fire have. Even under normal circumstances, a mix of cars. Cars and pedestrians in the streets is less than normal. From congestion and stagnation. Frequently during the fire, The walk was blocked by the refugees, set up camp and escape while the owner to your home or outside. Away from the center of the destruction. A Team of demolition and firefighters battled in vain to move toward.
Destroyed the home of the devil. Fire hazard due to fire hooks or explosives are often more effective and efficient with the destruction. But this time it was demolished by a lack of serious hours mayor delayed by management and failure, the necessary orders. The order came directly from his time at home is not available. "Fire Eating at home more and dismantled workers. Not through the crowded Roads.
Use water to clear the fire. It is basically water. coming from the pipeline. 30,000 houses on Elm a high water tower. Cornhill filled the water from the river and through the reservoir of water in the spring. Hertfordshire Islington, it is often possible to pipe in the vicinity the burning building and a water hose to a fire or tank top to open the game. In addition, Pudding Lane near the river, in theory all directions. From the River should be manned with double rows of firefighters through a full tank to empty tank fire and returned to the river, this does not happen, in the bakery and adjoining buildings or at least not happen with time. Pepys viewing files from the river in the middle - early Sunday Pepys comments in his diary that nobody tried to delete it But she got to away from it in fear. Hurry "to remove their products and allow to shoot anybody." The maintenance of the flame front of the river with little interference quickly by the community and declining. Shares recently burned with fire. Investors, not only caused chaos. But cut off from fire fighting water supply from the Flow immediately. But then the wheels into the water beneath London Bridge which pumped water tower water, Cornhill; Available to the river water and not use common
London Fire possessed advanced technology in the form of a fire that was used previously in a large fire. However, unlike fire hooks a big advantage of these pumps can not prove. Or work flexible enough to make much difference. Only some of its wheels were installed at slide wheelless long they navigate rather too late and get there. Grommets but no pressure line is limited. Access this occasion an unknown number of the Fire Wheel or cruise the streets, some from all over the city. With tap water. They should have already failed. But the river banks are yet available. A gang of people desperately trying to create tools to the river to fill their reservoirs. Many engines plunged into the Thames. Heat from the flames at that time was getting too big for the engine to the remaining term of useful, they can not be a pudding. Lane.
Development of the fire.
Personal experiences of many Londoners during the fire Power. seen in letters and memories. The two most famous diarists of the Restoration. Samuel Pepys (16331703) and John A. West polypropylene. (16201706), the recording the reactions and on their own day and that great efforts are still in what's happening in the city and beyond. So they both traveled to the North. Moorfields garden in the city Wednesdayhe. The four Dayo Given the large refugee camps where they are suffering from panic. Diaries of their most important source for modern retellings damage. Last book of the fire. Tinniswood (2003) and Hanson (2001), also requires a short memory. William Taswell (165 182), a pupil at a school in fourteen years. Westminster 1666th
After the second season. 1664 and 1665, London, and then lay down under a special drought since November 1665 and the wooden Building is tinder dry. After a long summer. to spread fire Pudding Lane bakery in 1666 for the first time in the West. fanned by the east wind.
Sunday
The estimated damage on the evening of Sunday, September. 2.
"It makes me cry to see. it. "Painted Samuel Pepys (16331703) by John Hayles. In 1666, the year the great fire.
Fire in the bakery Thomas Farrin in Pudding Lane less after midnight on Sunday 2 September family caught in the upper floor. But it managed from the upstairs window in the house next door, climb, except that a servant trying to scared to and be the first victim. Pester the neighbors tried to help, came after hours of parish officers and judges that adjacent house instead of vandalizing To prevent further spread. Homeowner protesters and Mayor Sir Thomas. Bloodworth, who alone has the power to override their wishes known be. When Bloodworth arrived flames consuming the adjoining houses and creeping towards the paper warehouses and flammable river front. There are more experienced firefighters. loudly for demolition, Bloodworth but rejected the argument that most places of the tenant and the landlord is not found. Bloodworth is generally accepted to be appointed, the Office of the Mayor was the right man for more than for any kind of ability for the work required panic when faced with the immediate emergency. Press said, He was often quoted "Pish! women can urinate out" and left. After the city was destroyed. Samuel Pepys, review of the events in his diary written. 7. September 1666. "The people around the world cry from simplicity [stupidity] of my mayors in general and especially in the activity. the power, all directed them to him. "
On Sunday morning. Pepys as officers in the Navy. Office, came to the Tower of London to the fire seen from the tower and in his notebook with East winds turned it into chaos. It burns. Down several churches and he was about 300 units, and the river front. House in London Bridge is burning. to check under the boat, the damage around the pudding. Lane in the area, described Pepys fire "sad", "everyone tries to remove their goods and hurled. In the river or bringing them into lighters that lay off; Poor people in their homes. So long, and very easy to grasp and work them like a ship or ladder climbing by a couple on the other side with water. "Pepys. Continue west on the river to the court. White Hall" that people with me and do not let them upset an account them all, and the Word was with the acquired. King. So I called and told the King and Duke. Yorke what I saw, and when the king orders the house is demolished, can nothing to stop the shooting. They seem to have much trouble, and the king ordered me to the Mayor from him, and my command He did not want the house empty. But before you Pull down performance in any way. "Brother Charles James. Duke of York, presenting the life. Royal Guard to assist firefighters.
Miles west of the Pudding Lane, by Westminster Stairs, young William. Taswell, students from a spiral of service in the early morning. Westminster Abbey saw some refugees arrive. Vessels in the light, and the only Odong ๆ ceiling lightermen services have suddenly become very expensive and only refugees. Security happiest place in the boat.
Fire spread quickly in high winds. By mid - morning Sunday, people abandoned the attempt to fire delete, and fled, moving person. And mass integration and carts, the way was impassable for fire trucks and coaches Pepys resumed in the town of White Hall, but the St. Paul's Cathedral, before he would be on foot To handcart products and pedestrians still on the move, away from fire. Weight decreased significantly. The church is not directly threatened by covering with furniture. And valuables that are soon to move far to go. Pepys found Mayor Bloodworth attempt to fire Efforts to coordinate and control close to collapse, "like a woman who fainted. Wailing in response to a message that His Majesty the king, when he cried demolished the house. "But the fire quickly overtaken us then. [SIC], we can do it." Clinging to his dignity of citizens, he refused James. The proposals of the military and then went home to bed. King Charles II sailed down from Whitehall in the Royal boat to examine the scene. He found that the houses were not destroyed even Bloodworth disregarded the certification to Pepys, and bold. The authority of Bloodworth order wholesale demolitions west of the fire room. Delays that these measures do not work most of the power to buy. out of control.
On Sunday afternoon. been collected 18 hours after the alarm in the pudding. Lane was the fire firestorm angry. This creates its own weather. uprush great over hot flames driven out of the chimney at any time. Confined spaces such as buildings down on the current weather jettied and left a vacuum. Near the ground. Consequence of the strong winds do not tend to the out fires, as you might think. : But you are in fresh oxygen to the flames and the change created chaos provided by uprush wind direction and in the wrong direction north and south of the Eastern Main. The direction of the wind continues to blow
In the early evening with his wife and some friends of him again. Pepys in the river, and the fire up and down yet. . "Boat people have ordered to go" Happenings time so close to the fire, we are able to smoke, and over the River Thames, with a face in the wind. It burned almost the bath water. fire drops. "When" fire drops "intolerable to the people. Pub on the south bank and stayed there until dark, and they see the lights in London and the bridge over the river is "a crooked, in view of all this on the other side of the bridge and the bow up the hill for a mile long curve of the above. : It makes me cry to see "Pepys describes the architecture of the fire. as a "bow with the arrow of God is the light" ..
Monday
London Gazette 3rd September10 September page fax with your account. Great Fire, click on the pictures to enlarge and read.
On Monday morning, by 3 September, the fire is an important extension to the north and west. Turbulence driven firestorm of flames, both before the south and north over the day. Spread in the South are mainly in suspension by the river But the houses on fire in London Bridge. And threatened to cross the bridge and put the city on the south side of Southwark River, Southwark. Being nursed by a trail on the bridge foundation. Long gap between the buildings are covered in the south of the Thames in the fire. 1632 and now does not again, the spread of fire in the north of the financial heart of the city. Home of the bankers in Lombard Street began firing on the afternoon of Monday, prompting you to run on promotional products of gold coins, they are vital to the prosperity of cities and countries for the stack. safe before they melt away. Many observers. Emphasize the hopelessness, which seems to be up and Wireless. Londoners in the second day of this and the lack of efforts to save the rich. The fashion district is now threatened by the flames. As the stock market. Royal Exchangeombined and shopping malls began mallnd abundance of consumer goods in Cheapside, Royal Exchange Fire in the afternoon, and a smoking shell within a few. Opening times John Evelyn, my royal and diarist, wrote:.
The fire is very universal, and surprise the people, so that from Starting point, I do not know what the loss of life, or fate, they hardly stirred to it with what they see or hear silent. But crying and mourning. The Working with living things as a distraction. Without trying at all, their goods, save as strange scary place for them.
Evelyn lived four miles. (6 km) outside the city of Deptford and others Do not be the early days of the disaster. On Monday, joining other top-level people. He went by many coaches Southwark for the view that Pepys had seen the day before the fire of fire across the river is a lot at this time. : "City in a large Flame, the water near the coast, all houses on the bridge, all Thames Street. And up to three cranes Cheapside. Consumption is now. "In the evening. Evelyn reported that the river was covered with ships and boats to escape their overlap with the product. He noted the great migration of the cars and people walking through the gates of the bottle Opening to the north and east, which for many miles. strewed with movables of all kinds, and tents. erecting to protect people and what goods they have gone โอ้อนาถและน่าตื่นเต้นเกี่ยวกับภัยพิบัติ! ".
Similar damage on the evening of Mon 3rd September.
Everett, John Lean. (16201706) in 1651.
The suspect quickly. This happened in the city is not threatened a fire accident. Rotating winds carried sparks and burning Scales long distances on the roof and the wooden rails that they appear to be. House fire not related to the sources and bring them to more of a rumor that the Live fire on purpose has been set. Foreign immediately suspect, as the current second Anglo-Dutch war, while fear and doubt in the power of trust on Monday that the recent reports of attacks near the roof of the foreign agents and casting "fireballs" at home or in contact with hand bomb or a match. A wave of violence on the streets. William Taswell saw a mob of chain stores, French painter and level the ground and watch in horror as a Smith walked. To France in the road and struck him on the head with an iron bar. The fear of terrorism has an extra from the disruption of communication was and the message is by eating establishments. General Office of the Fire book. Threadneedle Street, past the post for the whole country by early in the morning hours spent on Monday. London Gazette has just taken out of the Sun before the printer's location in the flame. (This problem occurs in society gossip, with a little note. Over the fire, which on Sunday Morning and day, "the continued broken. The very strong"). Both countries are in this communication, and the void they left filled with rumors. There are also a warning sign of religious revival Gunpowder Plot. We suspect more terror and psychosis as a series during John Snow on Monday as the wave and trained guards. Coldstream Focus less on fighting fires and do more to round up foreigners and Catholics. Other foreign or arrest people and rescue them from a monster, or both together.
Residents, especially the high ones. Growing desperate to remove their property from the city. This source of revenue for the able-bodied poor people in the labor market. Support (sometimes of products). And most of all owners carts and boats. Cart rental costs of the couple. Schilling on Saturday before the fire; On Monday will be increased to the extent 40, a small fortune (equivalent to more than 4,000 in 2005) it appears that each of the owners of the car and boat access to London to share the road towards the city the opportunity to impact the car with narrow doors. Panic people trying to get out. Chaos at the door Sun Magistrates ordered the door closed on the afternoon of Monday, hoping that people interested in changing the "protection of their own property. The struggle of power, not Expect nothing. Recording of the left, they could have more desperately trying to extinguish the fire .. "The measure of urgency and cancel unsuccessful. The next day.
And to burst into the streets, especially on the door and the fire is not raging. Ltd. on Monday is the starting point. The event Bloodworth. The mayor is responsible for coordinating fire. Apparently City had left, his name is mentioned in any contemporary account. Other events Monday in the state of emergency, Charles again. Officials said about the city and set his brother. James Duke of York, the cost of operations. James set up Command posts around the perimeter. Fire, press - all synchronized men. The lower classes are well fed in the streets by a team of firefighters and the money third the cost of each recipient agency with authority from Charles himself to order. destruction should see this gesture of solidarity with the citizens of Crown Concerns "about the financial responsibility section of the pull-down. Home James and preserved his life, riding up and down the streets every Monday. Rescue foreigners from the mob and tried to give orders. "The Duke of York won the hearts of his people with him. Continuation and tirelessly day and night pain, to help," Fire. Written testimony in a letter 8th September.
On Monday. Cold hopes dashed to pieces on the large stone wall. Baynard's Castle, Blackfriars, the western partner of the Tower of London is under attack. This royal history, the palace was completely consumed to burn throughout the night.
Contemporary reports say that on that day or later. King Charles II in working to help people to throw themselves into water on the flames and help the building to demolish to make. Corridor.
Tuesday
Tuesday. 4. September, the day of the largest Destruction. Duke York Post commands. From Temple Bar, Fleet Street beach met, should the firing of attack, the following code from the west. from Whitehall Palace, with its firefighters Fleet-bridge and are from the Thames. James hopes to make the river Fleet. However, natural corridor in the early morning hours of Tuesday, more than flames. Fleet, by East winds down and constant. they surpassed it forces them to work for them. There is terror in the palace of the fire. Drive to the west. implacable: "โอ้ ความ สับสน มี แล้ว ที่ ศาล ที่". wrote Evelyn.
In planning the work so far, "James. Firefighters were to large swath north of the fire. It has a fire until late afternoon when the flames. jumped over and began to destroy the large, rich most exclusive shopping street of Cheapside.
Everyone thought St. Paul 's Cathedral protect the safety of the thick stone walls and natural. Corridor in the form of the surrounding space. Blank is filled by using products and crypt filled with heavy material of printers and booksellers in contact with the beads. Row, but a huge losing streak a gradual building of wood frame Recovery process from an unknown and as Prince tailor bird covered scaffolding caught fire on Tuesday night. Out of school, William Taswell stood on the stairs, a young. Westminster Miles away and see a flame directly scaffolding around the church and set fire burning. Beams within a half hour. Roof melted and used books and documents run in the crypt next to yell "Stone of Paul 's like flying grenados, melting lead. down in a creek the road, and pedestrians with large bright red as fire, no persons who are not able to set foot on it. "Evelyn says in his diary. Church quickly. Wreck
In the course of the day. Flames began to meet from the east from the vicinity of the pudding Lane, east wind at the house. Pepys'on Seething Lane and the Tower of London's gun shop. After waiting all day to received personal help from James' official hard-working fire in the West. Garrison very own building in the Hands. created firebreaks by blowing up houses in the vicinity of a major. Stop by the fire.
Wednesday
James, Duke of. York, later James II.
Winds dropped in the evening on Tuesday and fire breaks created by the occupation, which in turn effective as of Wed 5 September Pepys walking around the smoldering city. Get your feet hot. And climbing a total height of the church. Barking, he saw the destruction the city, "the eyes. saddest sad that I have ever seen .." have separate power, many people still burn themselves. Great Fire, Pepys visited but cheaper Moorfields, large public park just north of the city and see no good bearing housing refugees' woes. Bad good book of them. And hold all its products with its own "and noted that the price of bread in what is around the park twice. Evelyn and Moorfields, which has become the most important point of the homeless and was with the number of people suffering from terror under the tent, fill it, others in the temporary huts, "Many [are] with rags, or other equipment necessary are to bed or board. ... Reduced to extreme misery and poverty. ". Evelyn was impressed by the pride of Londoners are worried:" He is ready for hunger famine and perish. Not one has asked for relief. Pennie.
Fear of terrorist attacks abroad and the French and Dutch are higher than ever among traumatized victims and a fire on Wednesday evening in an outbreak of disease in the general panic. Camp on Parliament Hill, Moorfields and Islington Light in the sky. Fleet Street to start at around 50,000. French and Dutch immigrants, widely rumored to have stopped the fire. There are higher and march on. To end Moorfields, what started the fire. Cut Throat man of rape. women and steal their property to name a few. Excitement of the street, the mob fear foreigners if they happen to meet, and in accordance with Evelyn only "with infinite. pain and great difficulty, satisfaction, and back into the field by trained bands pushed. The forces of the lifeguards and members of the court. Now fully to the volatile emotions Charles fears. Rebellion London with the monarchy. Food production and distribution is to the point that it is not disturbed; Charles has announced that the device is the bread in the city meet every market day are safe and are implementing the Extent. These markets for buying and selling, questions about the distribution of emergency aid it is not.
Death and destruction.
Shirley James.
London's mourning. The side facing a poem in 1666, accounting for the fire and released. to limit the damage, adding to enlarge the image and read.
Only a few deaths from fire are kept as informal and confidential deaths have been a traditional couple. Porter to eight and Tinniswood is "a," but he added that some people have to die to save them and not outside losing the direct deaths from burns and smoke inhalation in a refugee camp and still not ready. Hanson is a problem with the idea that there is. Few people died, enumerating known deaths from hunger and exposure among survivors of the disaster, urged. "In huts or living in the ruins were when their home ".. in the winter cold complications, including, for example, dramatist James Shirley and his wife, Hanson continued:" It's enough to believe credulity that only Papists or foreign nationals who have been taken. Death or lynched a man rescued by the Duke of York, "that the official figures only very little say about the fate of the poor, undocumented, and the heat of the heart. Firestorms, far hotter than ordinary light is sufficient to fully or consumer organizations released a few skull fragments. Fire, not only without food. Fabrics, and straw, but the oil field. Coal, animal eggs, fat, sugar. Alcohol, turpentine and gunpowder in Riverside, saved. Dissolved iron go to bed with. Wharves (melting point between 1,250 K (2,300 F) and 1,480 C (2,700 F)) and a great iron chain and lock the gate. (Melting point from 1,100 K (2,000 F) and 1650 C (3000 F)) and their anonymous bone fragments were very hungry people in the inspection of the tons of debris and waste after the fire, interested. In search of valuables or workers clearing away the rubble later in the reconstruction, relying on common sense and experience all files in other cities. Other important and centuries, "Hanson shot in the attack. Rotting tenements of the poor with furious speed trap, at least, of course, the old. "Very young, stop and weak" and dust and ash, burying the bones of his subject. Rubble of cellars; cause of death, not four or eight. But then. "Hundreds and possibly thousands."
Destruction of material which was calculated at 13,500 houses, 87 churches District, 44 companies Halls, Royal Exchange, Custom House, St Paul's Cathedral, Bridewell Palace and other City Prison, General Book Office and three western gate. Ludgate, Newgate Aldersgate and monetary value of loss. The first is about the currency. 100 million later time to reduce uncertainty. 10 million (more than 1 billion pounds in 2005). Evelyn believes that he as many as "200,000 watched. People of all ratings and the station distribution and sleeping under piles of them, what they can save" in the field more. Islington, Highgate.
Aftereffect
Damage estimated by the evening of Tuesday 4 September Fire not significant at Dissemination Wed 5th September.
Ludgate in flames with a saint. Paul 's Cathedral in the distance (square tower without spire). Well, catch fire. Oil paintings by anonymous artists. CA 1670th
A site plan has never run for John new, radically different to sit in London.
Sir Christopher Wren.
Monument Great Fire of London Great Fire of London in memory of Sir Prince designed a tailor bird
For example, are encouraged to indicate scapegoats for the fire, just accept confessions from innocent French watchmaker. Robert Hubert, who claimed he was a representative of the Pope and was a good start in the Fire fighting. Westminster, he has changed his story to say that they started the bakery fire in Pudding. Lane Hubert was convicted, although there is something about Consider exercising its defense and hang. Tyburn on 28 September 1666, after his death, it was obvious that he does not arrive in London until two days after the fire begun. The fact that these charges. Catholics began to shoot as an effective political propaganda, the opponents of the Court of use. Pro - II by Charles Catholic Church in the most critical of the conversion and the exclusion of the pope in his administration.
Great Fire of London that the international sanctions of God, God's punishment for the English fire, Holmes of the burning of the Dutch city. Three weeks earlier, during the second Anglo-Dutch War.
In the chaos and instability after the fire. Charles II fear another coup London he supported the homeless away from London and other payments. given as soon announced that "all Cities and towns, the other without conflict, who said that there is no happiness. And so it was free exercise of craft their leadership "light special court to the settlement of disputes between tenants and home owners much set, and decide who will rebuild, based on the. , court payments ranged February 1667 to September 1672, when the verdict was heard, and often within a few days, and no light Court. legal wrangles would have serious long. Delayed Reconstruction is necessary, so that if London was to recover. Supported by the Charles, the foundation stone for reconstruction projects. excluding urban system only if it among some of these plans had been rebuilt. London would be competed by the beauty of Paris in the Baroque era have. (See Evelyn plan on the right) and officials of the crown City are trying to create "to all at home and in the Ground Truth Is," with their owners on compensation for the upheaval that this Plans. brought but the idea is unrealistic to be abandoned. bringing warnings workers. And measure the conversion at home by most people are ignored by more than to survive from day to day as well as those who are away from the capital, worried Firstly, there is a problem of scarcity. Workers after the fire, it is impossible be working to secure for the purpose. Apart from Wren and Evelyn. It is known that Robert Hooke. Valentine's Night, and Richard. Newcourt proposed rebuilding plans.
clarified with the complexity of the ownership is no plans for large baroque city. Squares and Avenues could be realized, no one to negotiate, and do not necessarily mean that calculated how much compensation should be paid. But most of the original Map created in the city, with improvements in health. And fire from the width of the street open and accessible wharves along the length of the Thames. The house is not handicapped Access to the river and main building is built of brick. Stone and not wood. New public buildings were built in their website. Predecessor, the most famous is St.. Paul 's Cathedral and its smaller cousin of the Prince of tailor bird 50 new church.
Charles initiatives. "Monument to Great Fire of London, by Chris Roberts, a Houston man Kornahib designed and was built in the vicinity of the pudding. Lane than 61 meters and is also "Monument" is known a place that has a familiar London Underground station. be added in 1668, the Catholic claim. What is inscribed in the monument reads in part. .
After approval from the sky. Broke all hell broke loose when this Protestant city. ..... Most of the great fire of the city and the process of betrayal and wickedness of the parties the Pope ... Mad has not done so scary about the Pope. quenched ...
Apart from four years to govern. James II 1685-1689, registered in place until 1830 and the Act of Catholic Emancipation
Another monument, the Golden Boy of Pye Corner marked in Smithfield, the Brake light. According to the inscription, the fact that the fire began at Pudding. Lane and stopped at Pye Corner identified as evidence that the fire of the wrath of God in London for the sin the gluttony
Great Plague epidemic of 1665 is believed that six people were killed and 80,000 people of London and is to some catastrophic outbreak will not happen again introduced in London after fire fire in the long run from the burning house to a very dirty rats and fleas, their transmit plague. History does not agree with the possibility that the power to play. Part in the prevention of major outbreaks that follows. Museum of London Website claims to have connections, while the historian Roy Porter suggests that the fire left parts are not very healthy as possible. London slum. Untouched Alternative explanation in epidemiology, we were together with the observation that the disease disappeared from almost every set of European cities. Around the same time.
To see.
Great Plague of London
Vincent Thomas - The eyewitness account of the purist Minister.
Notes.
^ All dates are according to the Julian calendar. Please note that if the recorded history of England, it is customary to use the documents at the time of the event. Each day between 1 January and 25 March is their year to be adjusted to start in 1 January under a new
^. Porter, 6980th
^ Tinniswood, 4, 101
^ Reddaway, 27
^ Morgan, 2934th
^ John A. Lee in the West. 1659, cited in Tinniswood, 3 parts, London. 1660 "is based on Tinniswood, 111, except that shows otherwise.
^ Porter, 80
^ 330 is the size of the farm. Roman wall in place of the standard reference works. (See, eg, Sheppard, 37), though. Tinniswood to a square-mile area. (667 acres).
^ Hanson (2001), 80
^ See Hanson (2001), 8588, for the Republic of emotion. From London
^ Hanson. (2001), 7780, the "threat of fires in the city" is on the basis of Hanson. (2001), 77 101 if they proved otherwise.
^ Rege Sincera (pseudonym), observations and history and ethics at the burning of London. September 1666, quoted by Hanson. (2001), 80
^ Letter of reporters who do not know God. Conway, September 1666, by Tinniswood, Social 4546th
^ Hanson (2001), 82 the "danger of fires in the city" will depend on it Tinniswood, 4652, and Hanson (2001), 7578, unless otherwise. Express
^ Firehook a heavy rod is 30 feet (9 meters) long with a strong Hook and a ring at one end. Welcome to trees and roofs, which are threatened by the methods of the rope and pulley to pull down the building be secured. (Tinniswood, 49).
^ Reddaway, 25
^ All quotes from and details about the name Samuel. Pepys in his diary entry on the claim.
^ Robinson, Bruce, "London 's Burning: Great Fire".
^ Gough MSS London14 cited Bodleian Library. With Hanson (2001), 123
^ "The failure of Bludworth important nerves (Tinniswood. 52).
^ See Robinson, London: Bright Lights Big City "and Tinniswood, 4849th
^ Compare Hanson. (2001) who claim that they have wheels. (76), and they do not Tinniswood State. (50).
^ A fire truck Patent was in 1625, has served only through long-running pump on the front and rear handle (Tinniswood, 50).
^ Map data from the day-to-day. Tinniswood, 58, 77, 97
^ Tinniswood, 4243rd
^ Tinniswood, 44: "He had no experience. Leadership skills or the natural authority, the responsibility for the situation take over. "
^ Pepys Diary ', 2 September 1666th
^ Tinniswood, 93
^ Tinniswood 53rd
^. London Gazette, 3 กันยายน 1666th
^ See firestorm and Hanson. (2001), 102,105th
^ The "Monday" is it depends on Tinniswood, 5874, unless otherwise indicated.
^ Robinson, "London's Burning: Great Fire".
^ All quotes from and details about John Everett of lean. His Diary.
Evelyn AB ^ 10
^ Hanson (2001), 139
^ Reddaway, 22, 25
^ Hanson (2001), 15 657.
^ Quote from Hanson. (2001), 158
Tinnisworth ^, 71
^ Modern spelling for clarity; Quoted by Tinniswood, 80
^ Bell, George Walter. (1929) Story of Fire Great London: 109-11, John Lane: London.
^ The "Tuesday" is based. Tinniswood, 7796th
^ The "Wednesday" is based. Tinniswood, 10110, unless otherwise specified.
^ Tinniswood, cited, 104
Evelyn ^ (1854). 15.
^ Hanson (2002), 166
^ Porter, 87
Tinniswood ^ 13 135.
^ Hanson (2001), 32 633.
^ Porter, 8788th
AB ^ Reddaway, 26
^ The purchasing power of the pound. 1264 to 2005.
^ The "consequences" of which will depend Reddaway, 27 ff, and Tinniswood, 21 337, unless otherwise indicated.
Tinniswood ^ 16 368.
^ Stephen Porter (October 2006) "Great Fire of London" Great Fire of London, Oxford University Press http://www.oxforddnb.com/public/themes/95/95647.html Retrieved 28 November 2006.
^ Wild, Robert "Great Fire of London. 1666" About.com http://europeanhistory.about.com/od/ukandireland/a/agreatfirelon_4.htm Retrieved on 28 November. 2006th
^ Porter, 84
Hanson, AB ^ (2001), 24950th
^ Ask the experts. Museum of London access. 27. October 2006.
^ "Disaster -. Destroy as settlement partsxtramural Holborn, Shoreditch, Finsbury, Whitechapel and Southwark is located. slumsere sad miserable start small. Other small fire (burn down what they want) "(Porter. 80).
References.
Evelyn, John (1854), John Evelyn's diary and correspondence, FRS London: Hurst and Blackett http://books.google.com/books?vid=OCLC20137959&id=JiH6MSVCzmsC&pg=PA10&vq=fire&dq; = "Lean Everett, John + + diary and search as_brr = 1 5 November 2006.
Hanson, Neil (2001) a great reward. : The True History of the Great Fire of London, New York. Doubleday to review the work of Hanson. Lauzanne, Alain See "Multidisciplinary. Anglophone Revue du monde ". Cercles http://www.cercles.com/review/r1/hanson.html Accessed 12 October 2006.
Hanson, Neil (2002) Great Fire of London: in the year. Apocalyptic, 1666 Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons model "very different" to the greatest reward Hanson. (Whether on the front).
Morgan (2000) Oxford Illustrated History of the United Kingdom. Oxford: Oxford.
Pepys, Samuel (1995) and Latham Matthews, Robert William. (Ed.) ed Diary of Samuel Pepys. Year 7 London: Harper Collins ISBN 0-00-499027-7. First published between 1970 and 1983, Bell & Hyman, London quote from and details associated with Pepys was taken from this standard is not allowed. All Web Edition version of a journal depends on the domain. Volume 19 century, public and unfortunately has many errors. The other is a short-form diaries Pepys' was not written correctly until the pioneering work of transcribed Latham and Matthews.
Porter, Roy (1994) Bangkok: Social History Cambridge: Harvard.
Reddaway, TF (1940) After creating a new London Great Fire London: Jonathan Cape.
Robinson, Bruce New York: Bright Lights Big City. BBC looking http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/brighter_lights_01.shtml. 12. August 2006.
Francis Sheppard, (1998). New York: History. Oxford: Oxford.
Tinniswood, Adrian (2003) with permission. of the sky: a cause of major fire of London, London: Jonathan Cape.
External links.
BBC History website.
Museum of London to answer questions.
Channel 4 animation of the spread of fire.
Children welcome Great Fire of London website
Fire of London Web site produced by the Museum of London. National Archives, National Portrait. Gallery, London Fire Museum and the London Metropolitan Archives for the key stage 1 students (aged 57) and teachers.
D / E.
History of London
Evolution
Londinium. City of London City Middlesex County Lundenwic Westminster. London is great.
Government
London Metropolitan Authority Board of Directors of the Council. County Council London, Greater London, Greater London Assembly Mayor of London
Events.
Peasant revolt Death 'Black. Great Plague Great Fire 1854 cholera stink Great Great Exhibition 1908 Franco - British Exhibition Battle of Cable Street Blitz Festival of Britain. Great Smoky Swinging London Plan. 7 / 7 bomb attacks in the Olympic Games. (1908 1948 2012) Paralympic Games (2012).
Structure
Building St Paul's Cathedral Hall, Palace, London. Westminster Whitehall Tower Bridge London Bridge Westminster Abbey Big Ben fortress monument Shard London Bridge.
London
Mayor of London Guildhall London livery Corporation Co., Bank of England shows the Lord Mayor.
Services.
Bow Street Runner Police Service. (History), London Ambulance Service. Port of London Fire and Water Disposal London London London Underground.
History of London category.
Coordinates: 00 532 513 057 / 51.5157N 0.0921W / 51.5157, -0.0921.
Category: History of London | Fires in London | 1666 disasters. | 1666 in England | century. 17, London | Fire century. 17 | Social history of London. | Types hidden Stuart England: Wikipedia semi-protected pages. | Article Introduction | What is very clear. See the English Text.
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Queen's Birthday Honours 2011: list in full
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